General William T. Sherman’s Sword Among Civil War Items Up for Auction

Weapons from the battlefield, books inscribed by hand, and a family Bible are among the items belonging to William T. Sherman, the Civil War general known for the phrase “war is hell,” that are up for auction in a sale of Civil War-era artifacts.

Before the sale was to open in person at Fleischer’s Auctions in Columbus, Ohio, on Tuesday, online bidding on Sherman’s belongings reflected interest in one of the war’s most infamous figures, known for inflicting a “hard war” doctrine against the South during his March to the Sea through Georgia in 1864.

Sherman’s belongings — some that bear his handwriting and others that he wielded in war before they were passed on to his descendants — were being offered by Fleischer’s as part of a wider sale of Civil War and African American artifacts.

By Tuesday morning, the high bid for a copy of Ulysses S. Grant’s memoirs, which the auction house said Sherman had “profusely annotated,” was $19,000. Sherman’s childhood algebra book from 1829, complete with scribbles, had been bid up to $1,500. A bundle of his military possessions, including a pistol and daggers, had been bid up to $3,500. Uniform insignia straps denoting his rank were fetching $18,000.

His wartime saber, its sheath and a military chest marked “books” were on the block for $71,500.

One of the Civil War’s most significant figures, Sherman left a legacy of competing narratives over his tactics, particularly the March to the Sea, when he pressed on against the Confederate Army in the South. In 1864, the forces under his command occupied Atlanta, an industrial center and the hub of the South’s rail network, a strategic victory widely credited with ensuring Abraham Lincoln’s re-election.

“Without Sherman it is fair to say that the war could have been lost,” said Michael Johnson, the director of the Sherman House Museum, Sherman’s birthplace in Lancaster, Ohio.

The eventual Union victory led to the emancipation of enslaved people.

The auction has demonstrated how artifacts are viewed as a deeply tangible way for subsequent generations to connect with history. In March, as word spread that the auction would feature Sherman’s belongings, Mr. Johnson published a plea for donations to help the museum, a nonprofit organization, bid on some of them.

“Obviously, we would like to see these items in the Sherman House Museum so that they can be enjoyed by EVERYONE,” he wrote. “We know that if these items end up in the hands of private collectors we may never see them again. The thought of these amazing pieces of history being stored away in a collector’s basement is disheartening.”

One collector criticized the comment. Mr. Johnson added an apology. Others objected to the selling of items connected to such a significant figure of American history, saying they should be donated to a museum.

On May 1, Mr. Johnson appealed again for money to bid on the sword, school books, family Bible and documents belonging to John Sherman, a U. S. senator from Ohio who was General Sherman’s younger brother.

By Monday, the museum had about $100,000 to bid, about half of it from donations, Mr. Johnson said in a telephone interview.

“We are about at that tipping point,” he said. “If I had to venture a guess, I would say it doesn’t look good for us. But we have to try.”